Automation Risk
Each occupation shows a probability of automation. A higher score means machines and algorithms are more likely to take over the role in the future.
Compare Occupations
| SUMMARY |
78%
High Risk
|
30%
Low Risk
|
45%
Moderate Risk
|
34%
Low Risk
|
68%
High Risk
|
63%
High Risk
|
| JOB SCORE | 2.1/10 | 3.6/10 | 3.0/10 | 4.3/10 | 3.9/10 | 2.7/10 |
| POLLING |
There hasn't been enough votes on this occupation yet
|
40%
(Moderate Risk,
Based on 186 votes)
|
49%
(Moderate Risk,
Based on 86 votes)
|
71%
(High Risk,
Based on 4,352 votes)
|
62%
(High Risk,
Based on 25 votes)
|
50%
(Moderate Risk,
Based on 26 votes)
|
|
GROWTH
by year 2034
|
-0.7%
|
2.1%
|
-5.5%
|
2.1%
|
10.9%
|
-10.7%
|
| WAGES |
$40,450
or $19.45 per hour
|
$38,480
or $18.50 per hour
|
$49,140
or $23.62 per hour
|
$61,300
or $29.47 per hour
|
$51,180
or $24.60 per hour
|
$49,970
or $24.02 per hour
|
|
VOLUME
as of 2024
|
8,390
|
4,370
|
23,420
|
214,260
|
32,150
|
176,950
|
| SNOWFLAKE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| DESCRIPTION | Engrave or etch metal, wood, rubber, or other materials. Includes such workers as etcher-circuit processors, pantograph engravers, and silk screen etchers. | Create or reproduce handmade objects for sale and exhibition using a variety of techniques, such as welding, weaving, pottery, and needlecraft. | Design, fabricate, adjust, repair, or appraise jewelry, gold, silver, other precious metals, or gems. | Design or create graphics to meet specific commercial or promotional needs, such as packaging, displays, or logos. May use a variety of mediums to achieve artistic or decorative effects. | Perform any or all of the following functions in the manufacture of electronic semiconductors: load semiconductor material into furnace; saw formed ingots into segments; load individual segment into crystal growing chamber and monitor controls; locate crystal axis in ingot using x-ray equipment and saw ingots into wafers; and clean, polish, and load wafers into series of special purpose furnaces, chemical baths, and equipment used to form circuitry and change conductive properties. | Operate computer-controlled tools, machines, or robots to machine or process parts, tools, or other work pieces made of metal, plastic, wood, stone, or other materials. May also set up and maintain equipment. |
Compare Occupations Side by Side
Curious how automation and AI could affect your career? Our comparison tool lets you view two or more jobs side by side, helping you quickly spot differences in risk level, pay, growth, and popularity. All of this is based on a mix of academic research, user polling, and official labour data.
Job Score
A quick summary of how a job performs overall — factoring in wages, growth, volume, and automation risk. It’s a handy way to see the bigger picture at a glance.
Polling Data
Thousands of visitors cast their votes on how “automatable” each job feels. These community insights are shown alongside the calculated probabilities.
Growth & Wages
See how fast each occupation is projected to grow and what people earn on average. High wages don’t always mean high security — automation risk still matters.
Volume of Workers
Explore how many people currently work in each occupation and in which year the data was recorded. Popularity can affect how disruptive automation will be for the wider economy.
The Snowflake Diagram
Each snowflake visualises the balance between automation risk, wages, growth, and job volume. Bigger and greener areas mean stronger performance in that dimension.
Use this comparison page to research careers, guide students, or simply explore the future of work. All data is regularly updated to keep the results relevant.