Automation Risk
Each occupation shows a probability of automation. A higher score means machines and algorithms are more likely to take over the role in the future.
Compare Occupations
| SUMMARY |
67%
High Risk
|
29%
Low Risk
|
28%
Low Risk
|
48%
Moderate Risk
|
41%
Moderate Risk
|
48%
Moderate Risk
|
| JOB SCORE | 2.5/10 | 5.8/10 | 3.8/10 | 4.6/10 | 6.4/10 | 5.2/10 |
| POLLING |
There hasn't been enough votes on this occupation yet
|
28%
(Low Risk,
Based on 67 votes)
|
58%
(Moderate Risk,
Based on 16 votes)
|
36%
(Low Risk,
Based on 39 votes)
|
36%
(Low Risk,
Based on 66 votes)
|
There hasn't been enough votes on this occupation yet
|
|
GROWTH
by year 2034
|
-16.9%
|
0.0%
|
1.0%
|
-2.4%
|
16.1%
|
4.7%
|
| WAGES |
$58,540
or $28.14 per hour
|
$65,170
or $31.33 per hour
|
$48,490
or $23.31 per hour
|
$73,340
or $35.26 per hour
|
$63,760
or $30.65 per hour
|
$57,250
or $27.52 per hour
|
|
VOLUME
as of 2024
|
1,100
|
40,660
|
50,570
|
10,170
|
421,940
|
25,640
|
| SNOWFLAKE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| DESCRIPTION | Build or repair equipment such as furnaces, kilns, cupolas, boilers, converters, ladles, soaking pits, and ovens, using refractory materials. | Install, dismantle, or move machinery and heavy equipment according to layout plans, blueprints, or other drawings. | Identify, remove, pack, transport, or dispose of hazardous materials, including asbestos, lead-based paint, waste oil, fuel, transmission fluid, radioactive materials, or contaminated soil. Specialized training and certification in hazardous materials handling or a confined entry permit are generally required. May operate earth-moving equipment or trucks. | Construct, assemble, maintain, and repair stationary steam boilers and boiler house auxiliaries. Align structures or plate sections to assemble boiler frame tanks or vats, following blueprints. Work involves use of hand and power tools, plumb bobs, levels, wedges, dogs, or turnbuckles. Assist in testing assembled vessels. Direct cleaning of boilers and boiler furnaces. Inspect and repair boiler fittings, such as safety valves, regulators, automatic-control mechanisms, water columns, and auxiliary machines. | Repair, install, adjust, or maintain industrial production and processing machinery or refinery and pipeline distribution systems. May also install, dismantle, or move machinery and heavy equipment according to plans. | Apply insulating materials to pipes or ductwork, or other mechanical systems in order to help control and maintain temperature. |
Compare Occupations Side by Side
Curious how automation and AI could affect your career? Our comparison tool lets you view two or more jobs side by side, helping you quickly spot differences in risk level, pay, growth, and popularity. All of this is based on a mix of academic research, user polling, and official labour data.
Job Score
A quick summary of how a job performs overall — factoring in wages, growth, volume, and automation risk. It’s a handy way to see the bigger picture at a glance.
Polling Data
Thousands of visitors cast their votes on how “automatable” each job feels. These community insights are shown alongside the calculated probabilities.
Growth & Wages
See how fast each occupation is projected to grow and what people earn on average. High wages don’t always mean high security — automation risk still matters.
Volume of Workers
Explore how many people currently work in each occupation and in which year the data was recorded. Popularity can affect how disruptive automation will be for the wider economy.
The Snowflake Diagram
Each snowflake visualises the balance between automation risk, wages, growth, and job volume. Bigger and greener areas mean stronger performance in that dimension.
Use this comparison page to research careers, guide students, or simply explore the future of work. All data is regularly updated to keep the results relevant.