Compare Occupations

	Print Binding and Finishing Workers	First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers	Printing Press Operators	Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks	Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers
SUMMARY	78% High Risk	38% Low Risk	69% High Risk	67% High Risk	67% High Risk
JOB SCORE	1.3/10	5.2/10	1.9/10	2.4/10	2.3/10
POLLING	79% (High Risk, Based on 17 votes)	54% (Moderate Risk, Based on 29 votes)	69% (High Risk, Based on 76 votes)	75% (High Risk, Based on 61 votes)	52% (Moderate Risk, Based on 70 votes)
GROWTH by year 2034	-16.1%	1.2%	-8.1%	-1.8%	1.4%
WAGES	$39,820 or $19.14 per hour	$71,190 or $34.22 per hour	$45,160 or $21.71 per hour	$57,770 or $27.77 per hour	$40,860 or $19.64 per hour
VOLUME as of 2024	36,470	685,140	145,110	385,000	8,470
SNOWFLAKE [?] The Snowflake is a visual summary of the five badges: Automation Risk (calculated), Risk (polled), Growth, Wages and Volume. It gives you an instant snapshot of an occupations profile. The colour of the Snowflake relates to its size. The better the occupation scores in relation to others, the larger and greener the Snowflake becomes.
DESCRIPTION	Bind books and other publications or finish printed products by hand or machine. May set up binding and finishing machines.	Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of production and operating workers, such as inspectors, precision workers, machine setters and operators, assemblers, fabricators, and plant and system operators. Excludes team or work leaders.	Set up and operate digital, letterpress, lithographic, flexographic, gravure, or other printing machines. Includes short-run offset printing presses.	Coordinate and expedite the flow of work and materials within or between departments of an establishment according to production schedule. Duties include reviewing and distributing production, work, and shipment schedules; conferring with department supervisors to determine progress of work and completion dates; and compiling reports on progress of work, inventory levels, costs, and production problems.	Paint, coat, or decorate articles, such as furniture, glass, plateware, pottery, jewelry, toys, books, or leather.

Compare Occupations Side by Side

Curious how automation and AI could affect your career? Our comparison tool lets you view two or more jobs side by side, helping you quickly spot differences in risk level, pay, growth, and popularity. All of this is based on a mix of academic research, user polling, and official labour data.

Automation Risk

Each occupation shows a probability of automation. A higher score means machines and algorithms are more likely to take over the role in the future.

Job Score

A quick summary of how a job performs overall — factoring in wages, growth, volume, and automation risk. It’s a handy way to see the bigger picture at a glance.

Polling Data

Thousands of visitors cast their votes on how “automatable” each job feels. These community insights are shown alongside the calculated probabilities.

Growth & Wages

See how fast each occupation is projected to grow and what people earn on average. High wages don’t always mean high security — automation risk still matters.

Volume of Workers

Explore how many people currently work in each occupation and in which year the data was recorded. Popularity can affect how disruptive automation will be for the wider economy.

The Snowflake Diagram

Each snowflake visualises the balance between automation risk, wages, growth, and job volume. Bigger and greener areas mean stronger performance in that dimension.

Use this comparison page to research careers, guide students, or simply explore the future of work. All data is regularly updated to keep the results relevant.