Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers

Moderate Risk
Low High

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Occupation snapshot

What does this snowflake show?
The Snowflake is a visual summary of the five badges: Automation Risk (calculated), Risk (polled), Growth, Wages and Volume. It gives you an instant snapshot of an occupations profile. The colour of the Snowflake relates to its size. The better the occupation scores in relation to others, the larger and greener the Snowflake becomes.
JOB SCORE
6.9/10
What's this?
Job Score (higher is better):

We rate jobs using four factors. These are:

- Chance of being automated
- Job growth
- Wages
- Volume of available positions

These are some key things to think about when job hunting.

Risk & user votes

Calculated automation risk

55% (Moderate Risk)

Moderate Risk (41-60%): This occupation may be meaningfully affected by automation. Some parts of the role may be suitable for AI, software, or robotics, while others still rely on human skill, judgement, trust, or real-world context. People in this range may benefit from building skills that complement automation and reduce replacement risk.

More information on what this score is, and how it is calculated is available here.

Human strengths important in this job

These are human abilities and work contexts that are important in this occupation. They may help explain why parts of the role are harder to replace end-to-end, but they are not the only inputs into the automation score.

Decision-making and problem solving

Very important
Why this matters
Analyze information, weigh tradeoffs, and choose the best solution—especially when situations are ambiguous, high-stakes, or have real-world consequences.
Jobs that also use this strength

Social perceptiveness

Quite important
Why this matters
Noticing others’ emotions and reactions in the moment and adjusting what you say or do based on why they’re responding that way.
Jobs that also use this strength

Instructing

Quite important
Why this matters
Teaching or coaching others—explaining steps, giving feedback, and adapting to different learners so they can do the work safely and correctly.
Jobs that also use this strength

Active learning

Quite important
Why this matters
Keeps learning from new information and applying it to make better decisions now and in the future, especially when situations change.
Jobs that also use this strength

What users think

Based on 1,470 votes

28% chance of full automation within the next two decades

Our visitors have voted there's a low chance this occupation will be automated. However, the automation risk level we have generated suggests a higher chance of automation: 55% chance of automation.

What do you think the risk of automation is?

What is the likelihood that Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers will be replaced by robots or artificial intelligence within the next 20 years?

Sentiment

Based on user votes over time

View sentiment trend

How opinions have changed over time

Pay & outlook

Wages

Very high paid relative to other professions

In 2024, the median annual wage for Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers was $226,600 ($109 per hour).

The median annual wage for Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers was 357.8% higher than the national median annual wage, which stood at $49,500.

View wage trend

Wages over time

* Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics

Growth

Fast growth relative to other professions

The number of 'Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers' job openings is expected to rise 3.9% by 2034

View employment trend

Total employment, and estimated job openings

* Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the period between 2023 and 2033
Updated projections are due 09-2025.

Volume

Greater range of job opportunities compared to other professions

As of 2024 there were 99,300 people employed as 'Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers' within the United States.

This represents around 0.06% of the employed workforce across the country

Put another way, around 1 in 1 thousand people are employed as 'Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers'.

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What people are saying (87)

Leave a comment
John (Low)
05 Dec 2024 21:56
A computer can only do so many algorithms. Let's say a situation happens and the computer/AI is there to slove the problem and it does.... but what happens when the problem is outside of the box and the algorithm doesn't know what to do. This is where is can turn catastrophic. This is where pilots come in to play and think outside the box plus their fighting for their lives so they will do everything to get home to their families and their passengers also.

20 years it will start with cargo flights.

Another 10 years after maybe commercial flights.

If an accident happens like where two planes go down due to MCAS designed by boeing. This probably set it back years for automation.

Look at Sully landing on the Hudson can a computer do that?

Miracle on the Hudson that was down to skill and knowledge and a brilliant Captain and First Office.
Jayden Hua
14 Jul 2025 18:12
The FAA will not allow this, they wont even allow 1 person only in the cockpit. If it takes 3-5 years in flight school, there's a low possibility that they can replace pilots that need to learn for 5 years.
Carson Gill (Low)
12 Jan 2026 20:48
Within the upcoming years, robots might be developed enough to completely fly planes. Actually, some planes already can. The issue with this is that many people will likely never trust a robot to control something that is thousands of feet in the air because if something were to happen, there would be no professionals to manage the issue or take control if the computer fails.
Mason Braswelle (No chance)
28 Oct 2024 20:28
The amount of things pilots have to do in order to ensure safe flights is astounding, not to mention that if something were to go wrong, what would the robot even do?
Pilot | 737 max (Low)
12 Sep 2025 18:15
That's an airplane! It flies upto 40000ft no one can trust a machine flying airplane, carrying 200+ passengers without pilot... Even auto pilot is in under control of pilot, they are watching it!
EES (No chance)
11 May 2025 14:03
we already have autopilots and they havent been replaced, yes, there is automation, but when the automation is already here and there's still demand for pilots, why would it go away
Dan (Moderate)
26 Jan 2025 16:08
I'm a commercial pilot, I work in the industry for the last 20 years.
Capacity to AI takeover already exist but passanger trust will take longer to be achieved.
rorik
07 Sep 2024 00:27
consider that nothing manufactured by humans are perfect, with such a reality, you cannot assume that a robot/ai could do it's job flawlessly. there are ethical decisions in emergencies that must be made in the cockpit that an ai simply cannot do. furthermore, redundancy is a core value in aviation, and until human manufacturing is perfect (arguably wont ever be), a pilot will always be needed in the cockpit as a form of redundancy in case the manufactured systems malfunction.
dan (Low)
07 Sep 2024 00:22
ask yourself this question, how would you feel if the most beloved person to you was on a plane controlled by a robot that could be hacked, glitch, or malfunction
criag (No chance)
02 Jul 2024 00:33
There are many airlines that want soft, silky landings and not slammy, hard, ai- landings
Michael (Highly likely)
21 Jan 2023 14:47
AI is advancing rapidly and is on track to replace pilots within 10 years.
Unlikely
16 Jun 2022 05:14
Unlikely for a long time. First of all, there’s the technology which is there. Currently, automation has to be set and monitored by the pilots. It is extremely accurate and does fly the plane better than a person can, but it has limitations.

Most emergencies or abnormal events are known about and there are checklists to deal with them, but not every situation is the same or black and white. My specialty is flying airplanes, not computer science, but I find it hard to imagine current AI being able to properly handle a plane in an emergency, especially if it is a new situation.

There is also public opinion. I don’t like the idea because it takes a lot of jobs away, and I know many others don’t like the idea of a couple of hundred people being flown in an airplane completely controlled by AI.

The FAA is also notoriously slow with changing and adapting the rules. They have plenty of rules that are outdated and strange policies, but most of it is in the interest of safety. They prohibit people from flying unless they meet specific physical and mental health criteria. To my knowledge, pilots aren’t allowed to have any form of mental illness, and can’t take antidepressants or other similar things which could easily be treated.

The point I’m making here is that they’re slow to change and this big change would certainly take a while.
E (I prefer not to say)
10 Sep 2023 18:48
That's a relief I because I want to be a pilot and to be honest I also don't want an AI flying a plane I'm in on it's own
Michael (Highly likely)
14 May 2022 08:19
Airbus already has an airplane that can fly all phases of flight by itself.
Asher (Low)
26 Apr 2022 16:23
People aren’t trustworthy of artificial intelligence it could take 50 years+ for them to start being used alone and you’d still need a pilot just in case
Adam (Highly likely)
20 Apr 2022 11:54
I think it will be partially automated before fully, but that will have an impact on how many jobs there are by about half. If things can be automated enough to remove the co-pilot, then that will happen first. Then single pilots will be flying from home just like the military flies drones now. Over time, with the increase in AI that can make decisions in real time about outside factors, the planes will become fully automated.
Sean (No chance)
09 Apr 2022 01:25
Everything moves very, very slowly in the world of aviation. We still use technology from the 90s. There is no way it will be automated in my lifetime.
Thomas ( not yet)
01 Feb 2022 17:18
The average lifespan of an airliner is 20 years. Even if they started producing fully automated aircraft tomorrow, most of the planes would be manned for many, many years to come.
Paul (Low)
04 Mar 2026 19:10
FAA requires 2 pilots in the cockpit at all times and they're not really aiming towards automating flying without pilots since they're the ones making the decisions in an emergency.
Joakim (No chance)
05 Oct 2025 21:50
Because humans will probably be better at decision making and certificaton for full AI control will likely take a long time.
Jeremy (Low)
09 Oct 2024 17:42
Although the actual flight operation can be managed by AI, there is always the chance that the AI will fail at controlling the plane. Also there is always different situations for landing and takeoff, AI won't always be able to predict and maneuver the next move.

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Job description

Pilot and navigate the flight of fixed-wing aircraft, usually on scheduled air carrier routes, for the transport of passengers and cargo. Requires Federal Air Transport certificate and rating for specific aircraft type used. Includes regional, national, and international airline pilots and flight instructors of airline pilots.

O*NET-SOC code: 53-2011.00