Jobs that use Working directly with the public

The job involves face-to-face interaction with customers, clients, or guests—answering questions, handling requests, and managing service situations in real time. Roles with frequent public interaction are harder to replace end-to-end because they rely on trust, communication, and adapting to unpredictable human needs.

Occupation	Automation risk	Importance
Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurses	1.8%	Quite important
Hospitalists	2%	Very important
Naturopathic Physicians	2%	Very important
Neurologists	3%	Quite important
Psychiatrists	3%	Quite important
Chief Executives	3%	Quite important
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Physicians	3%	Quite important
Directors, Religious Activities and Education	3%	Quite important
Obstetricians and Gynecologists	4%	Very important
Clergy	4%	Quite important
Allergists and Immunologists	4%	Quite important
Art Therapists	4%	Quite important
Sports Medicine Physicians	4%	Very important
Urologists	4%	Very important
Recreational Therapists	4%	Quite important
Nurse Midwives	4%	Very important
Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers	5%	Quite important
Pediatricians, General	5%	Very important
Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors	5%	Quite important
Midwives	5%	Very important
Music Therapists	5%	Quite important
Special Education Teachers, Secondary School	5%	Quite important
Emergency Medicine Physicians	5%	Very important
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons	5%	Very important
Special Education Teachers, Elementary School	6%	Quite important
Adapted Physical Education Specialists	6%	Quite important
Podiatrists	6%	Quite important
First-Line Supervisors of Firefighting and Prevention Workers	6%	Very important
Kindergarten Teachers, Except Special Education	6%	Quite important
Ophthalmologists, Except Pediatric	6%	Quite important
Special Education Teachers, Middle School	7%	Quite important
Child, Family, and School Social Workers	7%	Very important
Acute Care Nurses	7%	Very important
Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrates	7%	Very important
Critical Care Nurses	7%	Very important
Special Education Teachers, Preschool	8%	Quite important
Morticians, Undertakers, and Funeral Arrangers	9%	Very important
Preventive Medicine Physicians	9%	Quite important
Fish and Game Wardens	9%	Very important
Recreation Workers	9%	Quite important
Registered Nurses	9%	Quite important
Architecture Teachers, Postsecondary	9%	Quite important
Epidemiologists	9%	Quite important
Anthropology and Archeology Teachers, Postsecondary	9%	Quite important
Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary	9%	Very important
Anthropologists and Archeologists	9%	Quite important
Chief Sustainability Officers	9%	Quite important
Emergency Management Directors	9%	Very important
Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary	10%	Quite important
Art, Drama, and Music Teachers, Postsecondary	10%	Quite important
Agricultural Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary	10%	Quite important
Mental Health Counselors	10%	Very important
Firefighters	10%	Very important
Clinical and Counseling Psychologists	10%	Quite important
Neuropsychologists	10%	Quite important
Occupational Therapists	10%	Quite important
General Internal Medicine Physicians	10%	Quite important
Nurse Practitioners	10%	Very important
Communications Teachers, Postsecondary	10%	Quite important
Health Specialties Teachers, Postsecondary	10%	Quite important